Homekit controller BLE groundwork (part 2) (#20548)

* Only fetch values of characteristics we are tracking.

* Use callbacks on subclasses to update individual values

* Update alarm_control_panel to use update callbacks

* Update climate to use update callbacks

* Update cover to use update callbacks

* Update light to use update callbacks

* Update lock to use update callbacks

* Update switch to use update callbacks

* Remove compatibility code as all entities migrated

* pylint by name rather than code